{"id":2386,"date":"2024-05-23T11:05:27","date_gmt":"2024-05-23T09:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/?p=2386"},"modified":"2024-05-28T09:56:10","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T07:56:10","slug":"cestina-specialni-balicek-genetickych-testu-pro-anglicke-buldoky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/nezarazene\/cestina-specialni-balicek-genetickych-testu-pro-anglicke-buldoky\/","title":{"rendered":"Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek genetick\u00fdch test\u016f pro anglick\u00e9 buldoky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Genetick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed je u mnoha ps\u00edch plemen \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem prevence genetick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Rovn\u011b\u017e u plemene anglick\u00fd buldok je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt genetick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro zn\u00e1m\u00e9 choroby a znaky u tohoto plemene. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed je doporu\u010deno u psa a fenky p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm kryt\u00edm. V dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010dl\u00e1nku najdete popis nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch genetick\u00fdch chorob u anglick\u00e9ho buldoka, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161eho bal\u00ed\u010dku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malign\u00ed hypertermie (MH) <\/strong>\u2013 Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je zp\u016fsobeno vrozenou poruchou kostern\u00edho svalstva, kdy m\u016f\u017ee doch\u00e1zet k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty (hypertermii) a\u017e na 45\u00b0C, zrychlen\u00e9mu a nepravideln\u00e9mu tepu (tachykardie a arytmie), zrychlen\u00e9mu d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, svalov\u00e9 ztuhlosti a m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit ren\u00e1ln\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00edm a smrt\u00ed. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u geneticky predisponovan\u00fdch jedinc\u016f tak\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch volatiln\u00edch anestetik. D\u011bdi\u010dnost je autosom\u00e1ln\u011b dominantn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Degenerativn\u00ed myelopatie<\/strong> (DM) <\/strong>\u2013 Toto nervosvalov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed postupn\u00fd \u00fabytek svalov\u00e9 hmoty na zadn\u00edch kon\u010detin\u00e1ch a z\u00e1dech, co\u017e se projevuje \u0161patnou koordinac\u00ed pohyb\u016f, zt\u00ed\u017eenou a asymetrickou ch\u016fz\u00ed, pop\u0159. inkontinenc\u00ed. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed postihuje celou \u0159adu ps\u00edch plemen (pops\u00e1no u v\u00edce jak 100 ps\u00edch plemen) a projevuje se ve st\u0159edn\u00edm a\u017e vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je bohu\u017eel nel\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9, postupn\u011b se zhor\u0161uje, po 3 \u2013 5 letech od prvn\u00edho projevu nemoci zpravidla doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00famrt\u00ed v d\u016fsledku celkov\u00e9 slabosti a ochrnut\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch sval\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hyperurikosurie (HUU) – <\/strong>Hyperurikosurie je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fd se u ps\u016f projevuje nadm\u011brn\u011b vysokou hladinou mo\u010dov\u00e9 kyseliny v mo\u010di. Mo\u010dov\u00e1 kyselina je vedlej\u0161\u00edm produktem metabolismu purin\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou obsa\u017eeny v potrav\u011b. Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu je mo\u010dov\u00e1 kyselina rozpou\u0161t\u011bna v mo\u010di a vylu\u010dov\u00e1na z t\u011bla mo\u010d\u00ed. U ps\u016f s hyperurikosuri\u00ed je tento proces naru\u0161en, co\u017e vede k jej\u00ed akumulaci v mo\u010di a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 tvorb\u011b mo\u010dov\u00fdch kamen\u016f. Hyperurikosurie u ps\u016f m\u00e1 \u010dasto genetickou podstatu, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zvy\u0161ovat n\u00e1chylnost jedince k tomuto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pokud je expozice purin\u016fm ve strav\u011b vysok\u00e1. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed postihuje celou \u0159adu ps\u00edch plemen (nap\u0159. dalmatin, buldok, v\u00fdmarsk\u00fd oha\u0159, n\u011bmeck\u00fd ov\u010d\u00e1k, americk\u00fd staford\u0161\u00edrsk\u00fd teri\u00e9r a dal\u0161\u00ed). D\u011bdi\u010dnost je autozom\u00e1ln\u011b recesivn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cystinurie (CYST) <\/strong>-Cystinurie je vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 genetick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 postihuje, mimo jin\u00e9, tak\u00e9 anglick\u00e9 buldoky. Toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je charakterizov\u00e1no naru\u0161enou absorpc\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm aminokyseliny cystinu mo\u010d\u00ed, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k tvorb\u011b cystinov\u00fdch kamen\u016f v mo\u010dov\u00e9m \u00fastroj\u00ed. Mezi klinick\u00e9 projevy pat\u0159\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee s mo\u010den\u00edm, \u010dast\u00e9 infekce mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest, bolest p\u0159i mo\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edtomnost krve v mo\u010di, \u010di opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se probl\u00e9my s ledvinami a mo\u010dov\u00fdm m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159em. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se \u010dasto projevuje ji\u017e v mlad\u00e9m v\u011bku psa, obvykle do dvou a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed let v\u011bku. Posti\u017eena mohou b\u00fdt ob\u011b pohlav\u00ed, av\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt b\u00fdv\u00e1 u samc\u016f. D\u011bdi\u010dnost je autosom\u00e1ln\u011b recesivn\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b nov\u00fdch studi\u00ed se doporu\u010duje u anglick\u00fdch buldok\u016f testovat jen dv\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 mutace v genu SLC3A1 (viz. reference pod \u010dl\u00e1nkem).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Anglick\u00fd buldok cystinurie – mo\u010dov\u00e9 kameny. Kredit: University of Minnesota, Twin Cities<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Multifok\u00e1ln\u00ed retinopatie typ 1 (CMR1) – <\/strong>Multifok\u00e1ln\u00ed retinopatie typu 1 (CMR1) je genetick\u00e1 porucha o\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se projevuje degenerac\u00ed s\u00edtnice, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k postupn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku a\u017e po \u00faplnou slepotu. Toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se vyskytuje u r\u016fzn\u00fdch plemen ps\u016f, av\u0161ak u anglick\u00e9ho buldoka je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pozorov\u00e1na. Rozvoj onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je velmi rychl\u00fd, \u010dasto se objevuje p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce v\u011bku. Prvn\u00ed projevy b\u00fdvaj\u00ed ve form\u011b l\u00e9z\u00ed pod s\u00edtnic\u00ed, podobn\u00fdch puch\u00fd\u0159k\u016fm. I p\u0159es postupn\u00e9 po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00edtnice obvykle doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00fapln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku a\u017e ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. D\u011bdi\u010dnost je autosom\u00e1ln\u011b recesivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zkr\u00e1cen\u00fd oc\u00e1sek (DVL2) – <\/strong>Mutace zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9ho oc\u00e1sku, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako DVL2 mutace, je genetick\u00e1 anom\u00e1lie, kter\u00e1 ovliv\u0148uje morfologii ocasu u plemene anglick\u00e9ho buldoka. Tato mutace je spojena s v\u00fdskytem kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho oc\u00e1sku nebo jeho absenc\u00ed. V d\u016fsledku t\u00e9to mutace doch\u00e1z\u00ed k abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edm tvar\u016fm a sr\u016fst\u016fm obratl\u016f, co\u017e n\u00e1sledn\u011b vede k deformaci ocasu a jeho zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed o 8 a\u017e 15 obratl\u016f. Tento znak je charakteristick\u00fd pro n\u011bkter\u00e1 plemena (anglick\u00fd buldok, francouzsk\u00fd buldo\u010dek, bostonsk\u00fd teri\u00e9r). U jin\u00fdch plemen je ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed a je spojen s dal\u0161\u00edmi zdravotn\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi. D\u011bdi\u010dnost je autosom\u00e1ln\u011b recesivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Anglick\u00fd buldok – rentgenov\u00fd sn\u00edmek zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9ho oc\u00e1sku u tohoto plemene. Kredit: Mansour TA et al. (2018).PLoS Genet 14(12): e1007850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007850<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reference:<\/strong> Fitzwilliams, T., Wolff\u2010Sneedorff, J. L., Fredholm, M., Karlskov\u2010Mortensen, P., Guldbrandtsen, B., & Bruun, C. S. (2023). Evaluation of the value of genetic testing for cystinuria in the Danish population of English bulldogs. Animal Genetics, 54(4), 566-569.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Genetick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed je u mnoha ps\u00edch plemen \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem prevence genetick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Rovn\u011b\u017e u plemene anglick\u00fd buldok je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt genetick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro zn\u00e1m\u00e9 choroby a znaky u tohoto plemene. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed je doporu\u010deno u psa a fenky p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm kryt\u00edm. V dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u010dl\u00e1nku najdete popis nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch genetick\u00fdch chorob u anglick\u00e9ho buldoka, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-news"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2386\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/genocan.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}